基于语料库的英语词汇学方面的论文发给我看下追问
我需要题目来开题 没开题就没论文。不会
题目:
1、中西人名文化对比:Comparison of Chinese and Western name culture
2、近代英美关系及其文化基础:Modern Anglo-American relations and their cultural foundation
3、中学生英语学习策略研究:Research on English learning strategies of middle school students
4、中英非语言交际的文化差异及对比:Cultural differences and contrast between Chinese and English non-verbal communication
5、中英恭维语对比研究:A comparative study of Chinese and English compliments
6、中英广告中语言使用对比研究:A comparative study of language use in Chinese and English advertisements
7、中英两种语言中的颜色词及其象征意义:Color words and their symbolic meanings in English and Chinese
8、中英亲属词的文化内涵分析:Cultural connotation analysis of Chinese and English kinship words
9、中英请求言语行为策略选择之比较:A comparison of speech act strategy choice between Chinese and English requests
英语语言学论文题目 13论国际商务谈判中的语言交际技巧 33成人世界的童话——从文体学角度解析现今童话再度流行的现象 49论文化差异与英汉商标互译 55浅谈英汉句子结构差异 59诗意的美和喜剧性幽默 62试论广告英语的语言特点 65统觉团对英语初学者词汇学习的影响 67外语学习中应该重视中介语的作用 69新闻报道中的转述动词研究 73英汉禁忌语、委婉语的对比研究 74英汉数字习语的对比研究 76英译汉中词序的变动 78英语广告的语言特征 80英语双关语汉译的可译性限度 101词义演变的原因与方式 137从汉语中英语借词的翻译看文化交流 138从价值观转换看斯佳丽的角色特征 142从礼貌准则看中英文化的异同 146从习语看英汉民族的文化差异 149从英语人名中看性别歧视 157动词过程类型的选择和话语隐性态度的表达 161对母语在英语写作中词汇负迁移现象的思考 162对严复译作中“信”的质疑 167法律英语用词特征分析 168法律语言翻译与法律文体 177副词EVER的句法环境和语义特征 180功能语法视角下的英语报纸新闻标题的功能 183广告口号语的语言特点 189国际商务文化之对比研究 204汉语中双关语的翻译 213基于概念隐喻的诗歌解读 228论广告英语中的幽 默 265论广告英语的语言特点 268论汉英谚语的语言特征 280论清教理念与美国西进运动 282论莎士比亚十四行诗中的时间 300论英语广告中几种常用修辞格及其汉译 310论尤金?奥尼尔的表现主义手法 324名词化的语篇功能 330诺曼时期法语对英语词汇的影响 339浅谈英语虚拟语气的语用功能 340浅谈英语虚拟语气及其语用功能 345浅析二十世纪计算机英语词汇的构成特点教学文学方面都可以可以根据自己所掌握的知识和兴趣展开充分的阅读,这是论文撰写的第一步,没有人可以从零跳出一个题目的。 语言学可以分成基础学科,(音系,句法,语义,形态等)和应用学科(语言教学,语言测试,社会因素,文学作品的文体学分析,等等), 我个人觉得现在比较有意思的现象有网络语言, 应该属于社会语言学的范畴吧。 选题目不要太过充忙,希望你早点找到自己的题目1. 中西语言方式对比2. 词汇学3. 近代英语语言的衍变大概就这几类了,论文么,跳不出这圈了。要想写点有新意的东西那可真需要点不同的眼光和能力了。祝好运。本回答被提问者采纳有好多,关键是自己对那方面有兴趣。可以问问老师,咨询一下意见,让老师给点建议。要把题目定的尽量小点,也就是所选题目的范围小点,这样才能分析的深入。加油!
sample 1: 题目: English Vocabulary Learning Strategies (英语词汇学习策略) The mathematicians that study language and have lots of computing power are forming English language databases. These databases can be used for machine language translation, formulas to rank collocation, most used priority word lists, word grouping tendencies and other linguistics research. These frequency-based wordlists contain the words that are most used in English. Frequency-based wordlists can help you target specific English vocabulary by indicating which words you should try to learn first. Vocabulary analysis and summaries from the "Brown Corpus 1990". Table 1 Words - Percent of words in average text 86,741 - 99.99% 43,831 - 99.0% 15,851 - 97.8% 6,000 - 89.9% 5,000 - 88.6% 4,000 - 86.7% 3,000 - 84.0% 2,000 - 79.7% 1,000 - 72.0% 10 - 23.7% Table 1 shows us that in most written English just a few word types account for most of the English words in any text. Ten words account for 23.7 % of the words on any page and just 1000 word families account for more than 70% of the words used. The ESL in Canada English Immersion camps experimented with the 1000 word lists and used them for the core vocabulary for spelling, poetry writing and public speaking contests. The constant reinforcement and repetition with variable context was quickly absorbed by the beginner students and greatly increased their confidence when speaking or writing. Altavista's Babelfish or Google by Systran machine translation performs with an error rate of 20 to 30 percent. The large error rate is due to how a word's meaning varies with context. One example: "The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" translated from English to Russian and back again only to yield "The vodka is good but the meat is rotten." So far Babelfish has 19 language pairs available and it has taken decades to develop language-pair rules for each of the 9,900 language word pairs. Some observations for language students and language teachers is the translation pool for just average translations is 9900 words. The big variable is context, which means that a word can be used in various formats: "formal, industry specific jargon, slang, idioms, act a different part of speech performing a different function within that particular meaning. If every word has an average of five context variables then the student really has to learn 50,000 items. As final conclusions: second language learning takes time and effort and there should be plenty of translation jobs for the next 20 years if you are willing to invest the seven to nine years to be proficient. In the following example the word "weather" can be used in about eight different contexts and be used to mean, define or explain about thirty different situations or conditions. To properly study vocabulary students require background information and context. "Weather" As a Noun Definition 1. the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as characterized by sunshine, moisture, temperature, precipitation, and other variables. Similar Words: elements, climate Definition 2. unpleasant, turbulent, or violent atmospheric conditions. Example: We needed shelter from the weather. Similar Words: gale, elements, blow, windstorm , storm As a Transitive Verb Inflected Forms: weathered, weathering, weathers Definition 1. to dry, season, or modify by exposing to weather. Similar Words: season , dry Definition 2. to discolor, deteriorate, or harm by exposing to weather. Similar Words wash , rot , erode, deteriorate Definition 3. to endure past the end of; survive. Example Their marriage weathered the hard times. Synonyms: withstand , survive, stand, outlast , endure , ride out Similar Words: overcome, surmount, outlive, sustain, brave As an Intransitive Verb Definition 1. to resist deterioration when exposed to weather. Example: The colour has been able to weather the intense sun shine. Definition 2. to display the effects of exposure (deterioration or change in color) Similar Words: rot, corrode, fade, deteriorate As part of Idiomatic Expressions Phrase used as an idiom: "under the weather" = sick or not well sample 2: 题目: Using the keyword method to learn vocabulary(重点记忆学习法) The keyword mnemonic is undoubtedly an effective means of learning the words of a foreign language How well you remember depends on how well you learned them, not on whether you have learned the words using a keyword mnemonic or rote repetition or some other method Even using a keyword mnemonic, you still need to rehearse the information to be learned The keyword mnemonic is not always the best method of learning particular words Skilled learners may be best to use the keyword mnemonic selectively, for particularly difficult words The keyword mnemonic requires individual instruction and practice, to use effectively Using a verbal (sentence) link is at least as effective as an image, and is easier for many people Whether using a sentence or an image, the critical factor is that the keyword interact with the definition or own-language word. sample 3: 题目: experience of learning vocabulary and grammar (英语词汇及语法的学习经验) I could say what I’ve been instructed is a focus on deductive ways. In junior high school, my teacher listed out the key rules of each lesson and would did the fill-in the blank exercise in the class. Since I was not a quick thinker, what I could do was merely imitate the examples given by the teacher. This meant that I didn’t know “why” I was supposed to make a sentence in this way. When days went to high school, the mode of instruction didn’t change much. The teacher would point out the crucial rules as well, but he didn’t do much practice in class. In the scope of vocabulary teaching, he just read through the words and sample sentences. You must be curious about how I could last my interest in learning English under this way of instruction? I think what prompt me to keep on learning is owing to my highly motivated attitude. Because I like the language and its culture, I’ll do my best to learn it well through self-study. Though the inspiration from teachers is essential in some ways, the attitude of learners will be the momentum to maintain a lifelong learning. I don’t like the ways I’ve been taught because I learn the rules by rote-learning. Actually, I didn’t object the use of rote-learning. But, it should be under the condition of meaningful practice so that I know “why” the rules are supposed to be used in this way. As for the ways how I will teach in the future, I’m still struggling to explore my answers. No matter what, I will put much emphasis on learner-centered aspects and inductive teaching.本回答由提问者推荐
英语词汇学毕业论文写一些创新的题目,我就写的网络词汇。当时也不懂,导师逼得紧,还是学姐介绍的莫文网,效率很高的说英语词汇教学中母语翻译的作用多模态理论在高中英语词汇教学中的应用初中英语词汇教学现状调查研究——以济南市三所初中为例小学英语词汇情境教学模式研究语块理论指导下的高中英语词汇教学实验研究我国英语词汇学的溯源辨流词块法在高中英语词汇教学中的应用研究初中英语词汇教学中的文化迁移概念隐喻在高中英语词汇教学中的运用记忆技巧在高中英语词汇教学中的应用研究——以郑州一中为例英语词汇教学的认知语境研究词块理论在高中英语词汇教学中的应用研究直接拼读法在小学英语词汇教学中的应用研究基于图式理论的高中英语词汇教学的实证研究模因论在高中英语词汇教学中的应用概念隐喻理论与初中英语词汇教学研究——以漳州三中九年级英语词汇教学为例任务型教学模式视域下农村高中男生英语词汇量扩大研究初中英语词汇学习中的母语负迁移现象探究文学名著阅读在高中英语词汇教学中的应用研究初中英语词汇概念加工的具身特征与教学启示多模态教学对英语词汇习得效果的实证研究英语词汇教学“石化”消解研究——基于兰盖克语法理论的分析认知语法理论指导下的高中英语词汇教学研究高中英语词汇教学中的问题及对策研究基于频率作用的大学英语词汇教学模式研究wine in, truth out.姐姐支个招儿呗。。。论xx词根起源之历史
学术堂整理了十五个英语语言教学方向的论文题目供大家进行参考: 1、翻转课堂在初中英语语言技能教学中的应用 2、大学英语跨文化教学中的问题与对策 3、“渗透式”跨文化交际能力培养模式研究 4、大学英语教师激发学生学习动机策略的有效性研究 5、文化交往视角下中文商业广告英译研究 6、中国语境下EFL学习者文化身份焦虑研究 7、网络资源与大学生英语自主学习--关于大学生英语自主学习能力发展的行动研究 8、评《红楼梦》两个英译本的可接受性 9、大学英语教学中通用英语与专用英语之争:问题与对策 10、莫言作品在英语世界的译介 11、国英语学习者请求言语行为的语用研究 12、庄子哲学英译研究新发展与翻译标准多元互补论 13、邓罗对《三国演义》的译介 14、英语词汇教学中母语翻译的作用 15、中国英语学习者的隐喻理解策略及理解模型建构英语语言教学方面的论文题目有很多,只是在进行选题的时候一定要针对自己的专业和对于论文中的内容事项进行,并且要按照相对应的论文选题原则来进行,有关更多的论文事项的问题,大家可以来期刊目录网看看。本回答被网友采纳
论文选题是按一定价值标准或条件对可供选择的课题进行评价和比较并对研究方向、目标、领域和范围作出抉择的过程,是决定论文内容和价值的关键环节。这里学术堂整理了十五个论文选题供大家进行参考: 1、从语用学视角看汉英口译中的语用失误 2、英语心智谓词的模糊性及其语际语用发展研究 3、英语科技术语的词汇特征及翻译 4、Moment in Peking中异国形象之汉译 5、中医典籍中“气”的源流与翻译探析 6、女性主义视角下张爱玲的翻译观--以英译《海上花列传》为中心 7、二语习得视觉化研究的几个关键问题 8、晚清以降的中国佛典英译高潮 9、基于降维法的译者风格研究 10、中国英语口音研究述评 11、口译中视角转换的语用原则 12、模因理论指导下的汉语歇后语英译 13、本土英语教学法:流派、体系与特色 14、《骆驼祥子》三个英译本中叙述话语的翻译--译者风格的语料库考察 15、基于语料库的“人生”隐喻英汉对比研究一、英语语言学毕业论文题目: 1、中西语言方式对比 2、 词汇学 3、 近代英语语言的衍变 二、 英语语言学课程由三个知识模块组成:理论启蒙、基础理论、研究方法。理论启蒙模块内容涉及英语的词汇知识、语音知识、语法知识、修辞知识、语体知识本回答被网友采纳
关于英语专业的论文题目,学术堂整理了十五个好写的,供大家参考: 1.《红字》中海丝特 白兰不理智的一面(The Irrational Side of Hester Prynne of The Scarlet Letter) 2. 《董贝父子》中的矛盾冲突(The Conflict in Donbey and Son) 3. 论文化不同对联想意义及翻译的影响(On Influence of Cultural Differences on Associative Meanings and Translation) 4. 美国教育的衰弱(The Drop of American Education) 5. 19世纪欧洲移民对美国工业化的积极影响(The Positive Impacts of European Immigration on American Industrialization in the 19th Century。 6. 朱丽叶之人物分析(Character Studies in Juliet) 7. 主述理论在文学中的运用(The Application of the Thematic Theory in Literature) 8. 语用学中的会话含义理论(Conversational Implicature Theory in Pragmatics) 9. 英语语音简析及对提高初学者口语的指导(A Brief Analysis of English Phonetics as well as a Guide to Improve Learners’ Oral English) 10. 比较两种对于哈姆雷特复仇的评论(Comparison on Two Kinds of Comments on Hamlet’s Revenge) 11. 英语语言中的性别歧视 (Sexism in English Language) 12. 英语的学与教 (English Learning and Teaching) 13. 由美国2004年总统选举所想到的 (More than 2004 Presidential Election) 14. 论腐朽世界中的纯洁品质——关于《雾都孤儿》的赏析 (The Purity in a Corrupt World—An Analysis of Oliver Twister) 15. 论理智与情感之关系——对《理智与情感》的人物分析题目不要太大,也不要太小,太大了面太广容易泛泛,小了就无材料可查,没东西可写。写你熟悉的 资料好查的 参考 www.wencool.com.cn.好.多学习讥构比如:ABC天卞英语中心 都会先让你做个英语测试,很喜欢这里的老师,客服都很热心,我觉得在线的方式性介比较高,你也可以找几个了解一下吧..提供一些英语专业的毕业论文题目,供参考。
英语语言学毕业论文好写的,很多题目可写,当时我也是不懂,还是师姐给介绍的莫文网,有了高手帮忙就快多了,没几天就过了高校英语语言学教材的建设与思考基于网络自主学习的英语语言学课程教改探索管窥我国英语语言学教材的现状与英语语言学教学语料库数据驱动下的中国外语界英语语言学发展现状及趋势研究高师英语语言学课程教学的问题与改革设想社会建构主义理论指导下的英语语言学课程教学论商务英语语言学的理论体系任务型教学模式启发下的英语语言学课程教学改革本科生“英语语言学导论”教学法探究论高校“英语语言学”与“高级英语”课程体系的有机契合建构主义与英语语言学课堂教学英语语言学发展概述高校英语语言学教学存在的问题及对策分析建构主义与英语语言学关于英语语言学教程的现状分析及几点建议(英文)基于构建主义角度探究英语语言学教学英语语言学书评中的评价性用语解析英语语言学语音和词汇的变化高校英语语言学教学问题及对策论英语语言学研究的多维视角“英语语言学”课程考评体系改革初探《英语语言学》课程教学改革研究发展思维能力 提高科学素质——论英语语言学教学与学生素质培养的关系高校英语语言学课程评价模式的思考关于英语语言学硕士生学术选择错位的研究英语语言学教学存在的问题及对策分析“首届商务英语语言学研讨会”通知英语语言学的发展与研究初探研究性教学视域下的“英语语言学概论”课程教学改革从英语语言学角度探析综合英语教学英语语言学课程学习策略与效果相关性研究——基于英语专业127名学生的调查数据探讨英语语言学在英语教学中的运用研究 由于信息技术的发展,计算机得到了广泛的多层次的应用,尤其是在教育领域内的应用计算机辅助学习、计算机辅助教学和计算机辅助测试等。计算机硬件技术的发展和应用与教学和测试的软件系统的开发催生了大量的帮助学生学习的“语言学习中心”和建设有测试题库的“语言测试中心”。然而,这些中心的题库大部分是为学生的语言技能而建设的,比如听、说、读、写等,尽管目前语言测试中对学生书面表达的测试和评分技术尚处于开发阶段,各种写作的评分手段都在探索中。像“英语语言学”这样的知识理论课题库还较为少见,对于这门课程怎样教和学的讨论,自从1987和1988年的“关于《语言学引论》的教学的自由论坛”以来就很少出现。因此,本文作者付出艰辛的劳动,建设了“英语语言学题库”(ELIB)。本文是对该题库建设和应用的描述。该题库的理论依据是经典测试理论(CTT)、项目反应理论(IRT)和计算机自测试理论(CAT)等测试理论和认知学习理论。其目的是帮助学生学习《英语语言学》这门课程,增强他们对语言的认知能力和运用语言理论解决语言问题的能力。 该题库初步建设了一千多道试题,分为选择、填空、判断、名词解释和问答等五种题型,组成一张CD光盘或网络学习测试系统。不能用网络的学生或老师可以通过个人电脑的光盘驱动器进行学习和组题测试;那些可以利用网络的学生或老师可以通过互联网注册后学习或组题测试。这样就可以减轻老师的负担、逐步提高学生的语言学学习能力。 参考文献 [1] 蓝纯. 本科生“语言学导论”课程的评估与反思(英文)[J]. Teaching English in China. 2007(06) [2] 孔文,邹申. 语料库在语言测试中的应用[J]. 外语电化教学. 2007(04) [3] 杨端和. 大学英语四、六级考试语料库建设分析[J]. 外语电化教学. 2007(01) [4] 邓文英. 基于语料库的中国大学生动/名词搭配研究(英文)[J]. 成都信息工程学院学报. 2005(06) [5] 马广惠. 基于语料库的小说文体学研究[J]. 常熟理工学院学报. 2005(05) [6] 杨端和. 外语考试的计算机语料库建设[J]. 云南民族大学学报(哲学社会科学版). 2005(04) [7] 梁茂成. 利用WordPilot在外语教学中自建小型语料库[J]. 外语电化教学. 2003(06)一、英语语言学毕业论文题目:1、中西语言方式对比2、 词汇学3、 近代英语语言的衍变二、英语语言学课程由三个知识模块组成:理论启蒙、基础理论、研究方法。理论启蒙模块内容涉及英语的词汇知识、语音知识、语法知识、修辞知识、语体知识、英语变体、英语学习策略等。基础理论模块由英语语言学概论执行,内容涉及语言的各种属性、语言学的学科知识、语音学、形态学、句法学、语义学、语用学、社会语言学、语言与心理、语言与文化、语言习得等。研究方法模块通过介绍语言学研究的设计与分析方法,帮助学生掌握从事语言研究的本领,并直接与本科毕业论文的写作挂钩。三、毕业论文,泛指专科毕业论文、本科毕业论文(学士学位毕业论文)、硕士研究生毕业论文(硕士学位论文)、博士研究生毕业论文(博士学位论文)等,即需要在学业完成前写作并提交的论文,是教学或科研活动的重要组成部分之一。
sample 1:题目: English Vocabulary Learning Strategies (英语词汇学习策略)The mathematicians that study language and have lots of computing power are forming English language databases. These databases can be used for machine language translation, formulas to rank collocation, most used priority word lists, word grouping tendencies and other linguistics research. These frequency-based wordlists contain the words that are most used in English. Frequency-based wordlists can help you target specific English vocabulary by indicating which words you should try to learn first. Vocabulary analysis and summaries from the "Brown Corpus 1990". Table 1 Words - Percent of words in average text 86,741 - 99.99% 43,831 - 99.0% 15,851 - 97.8% 6,000 - 89.9% 5,000 - 88.6% 4,000 - 86.7% 3,000 - 84.0% 2,000 - 79.7% 1,000 - 72.0% 10 - 23.7% Table 1 shows us that in most written English just a few word types account for most of the English words in any text. Ten words account for 23.7 % of the words on any page and just 1000 word families account for more than 70% of the words used. The ESL in Canada English Immersion camps experimented with the 1000 word lists and used them for the core vocabulary for spelling, poetry writing and public speaking contests. The constant reinforcement and repetition with variable context was quickly absorbed by the beginner students and greatly increased their confidence when speaking or writing. Altavista's Babelfish or Google by Systran machine translation performs with an error rate of 20 to 30 percent. The large error rate is due to how a word's meaning varies with context. One example: "The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak" translated from English to Russian and back again only to yield "The vodka is good but the meat is rotten." So far Babelfish has 19 language pairs available and it has taken decades to develop language-pair rules for each of the 9,900 language word pairs. Some observations for language students and language teachers is the translation pool for just average translations is 9900 words. The big variable is context, which means that a word can be used in various formats: "formal, industry specific jargon, slang, idioms, act a different part of speech performing a different function within that particular meaning. If every word has an average of five context variables then the student really has to learn 50,000 items. As final conclusions: second language learning takes time and effort and there should be plenty of translation jobs for the next 20 years if you are willing to invest the seven to nine years to be proficient. In the following example the word "weather" can be used in about eight different contexts and be used to mean, define or explain about thirty different situations or conditions. To properly study vocabulary students require background information and context. "Weather" As a NounDefinition 1. the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as characterized by sunshine, moisture, temperature, precipitation, and other variables.Similar Words: elements, climate Definition 2. unpleasant, turbulent, or violent atmospheric conditions. Example: We needed shelter from the weather. Similar Words: gale, elements, blow, windstorm , storm As a Transitive Verb Inflected Forms: weathered, weathering, weathers Definition 1. to dry, season, or modify by exposing to weather. Similar Words: season , dry Definition 2. to discolor, deteriorate, or harm by exposing to weather. Similar Words wash , rot , erode, deteriorate Definition 3. to endure past the end of; survive. Example Their marriage weathered the hard times. Synonyms: withstand , survive, stand, outlast , endure , ride outSimilar Words: overcome, surmount, outlive, sustain, braveAs an Intransitive Verb Definition 1. to resist deterioration when exposed to weather. Example: The colour has been able to weather the intense sun shine.Definition 2. to display the effects of exposure (deterioration or change in color)Similar Words: rot, corrode, fade, deteriorateAs part of Idiomatic ExpressionsPhrase used as an idiom: "under the weather" = sick or not well sample 2:题目: Using the keyword method to learn vocabulary(重点记忆学习法)The keyword mnemonic is undoubtedly an effective means of learning the words of a foreign language How well you remember depends on how well you learned them, not on whether you have learned the words using a keyword mnemonic or rote repetition or some other method Even using a keyword mnemonic, you still need to rehearse the information to be learned The keyword mnemonic is not always the best method of learning particular words Skilled learners may be best to use the keyword mnemonic selectively, for particularly difficult words The keyword mnemonic requires individual instruction and practice, to use effectively Using a verbal (sentence) link is at least as effective as an image, and is easier for many people Whether using a sentence or an image, the critical factor is that the keyword interact with the definition or own-language word.sample 3: 题目: experience of learning vocabulary and grammar (英语词汇及语法的学习经验) I could say what I’ve been instructed is a focus on deductive ways. In junior high school, my teacher listed out the key rules of each lesson and would did the fill-in the blank exercise in the class. Since I was not a quick thinker, what I could do was merely imitate the examples given by the teacher. This meant that I didn’t know “why” I was supposed to make a sentence in this way.When days went to high school, the mode of instruction didn’t change much. The teacher would point out the crucial rules as well, but he didn’t do much practice in class. In the scope of vocabulary teaching, he just read through the words and sample sentences.You must be curious about how I could last my interest in learning English under this way of instruction? I think what prompt me to keep on learning is owing to my highly motivated attitude. Because I like the language and its culture, I’ll do my best to learn it well through self-study. Though the inspiration from teachers is essential in some ways, the attitude of learners will be the momentum to maintain a lifelong learning.I don’t like the ways I’ve been taught because I learn the rules by rote-learning. Actually, I didn’t object the use of rote-learning. But, it should be under the condition of meaningful practice so that I know “why” the rules are supposed to be used in this way. As for the ways how I will teach in the future, I’m still struggling to explore my answers. No matter what, I will put much emphasis on learner-centered aspects and inductive teaching.本回答由提问者推荐500字? 小case拉英语词汇学习 在英语词汇学习过程中,学习者要遵循第二语言习得的规律,掌握并灵活运用多种词汇学习策略。可分为词汇表策略、语境策略、精加工策略、语义场策略。 一.词汇表策略 (Word list strategy ) 词汇表策略一般为:一列是按字母顺序排列的英语单词,另一列是这些单词的汉语意思(等值词、同义词或近义词)。有些学者认为,通过词汇表策略能够迅速且有效地学会大量的词汇。然而,Gaims 和 Redman 却指出,通过词汇表记忆词汇会阻碍对所记词汇进行充分地处理和系统地组织,因此就失去了有效的长时记忆的基础。语言大师桂诗春教授也认为,词汇表策略既费时又费力,徒劳无功,因为这种做法不仅把外语的词语和母语的词语等同起来,而且把它从语言和语境中孤立出来。 二.语境策略 ( Context strategy ) 语境策略就是学习者通过上下文语言环境所提供的信息对出现在语境中的生词进行猜测,从而习得这个单词。语境策略是目前比较流行的词汇学习策略之一,它不仅仅可以扩大词汇量,而且可以让学生了解有关目的语的文化知识。但是,Channell ( Carter &McCarthy ,1988:89 ) 认为,音节认知和重音认知对学习者理解词汇起着非常重要的作用。为了更好地理解词汇,学习新单词的方法应使学习者准确地内化和吸收新单词:即学会单个音标的发音、了解音节数、掌握重音位置。从这一方面来看,运用语境策略学习词汇不能算是一个很好的方法。 三.精加工策略( Elaborative strategy ) 精加工策略是指通过对学习材料进行深入细致的分析、加工,理解其内在的深层意义并促进记忆的一种策略。皮连生(1998)在《学与教的心理学》一书中也曾提到:“精细加工策略”(同“精加工策略”)指对学习材料作精细的加工活动,即通过在要记忆的材料上增加相关的信息来达到对新的材料记忆的学习方法。如对材料补充细节、举出例子、作出推论或使之与其它观念形成联想等,旨在为知识的检索提取提供新的途径,为知识的构建提供额外的信息。精加工策略的关键是将学习者头脑中已有的经验与要学习的词汇联系起来,充分利用已有的经验对要学习的词进行深水平的加工,使其合理化、富有意义,进而达到理解、记忆的目的。学习者已经掌握的熟悉的母语知识或外语知识、头脑中生动鲜明的形象以及其他多种相关的知识经验等都可以作为已有的经验加以利用。 最常用的精加工策略是联想。联想又可以分为:词缀联想、对比联想、关系联想、接近联想、相似联想等。心理学认为,联想反映了客观事物之间的联系。它在促进人的记忆、想象、思维等心理活动中占有重要的地位。在运用联想学习词汇时,通过串联归类,纵横联系,辨析分解,在脑际建立相互依存的知识结构,从而战胜遗忘,增强记忆。例如:词缀联想。在学习词缀 -tion时,学习者可以联想 -tion构成的词汇:corporation , administration , competition , congratulation , description 等。通过词缀联想,学习者可以学一个会一串,迅速地扩大词汇量。Krashen 在“输入假设”( input hypothesis ) 中也提到:只有接受可理解性输入( comprehensible input ),语言习得才会产生。精加工策略,可以建立形象与词汇之间的联系,使抽象的材料具体化,使学习者要记忆的目标词转化为可理解性输入,这一信息加工过程遵循了 Krashen 的“输入假设”,是一种行之有效的英语词汇学习策略。 四.语义场策略( Semantic field strategy ) 语义场理论是德国学者 J.Tries (引自伍谦光,1995:94)最先提出来的。这个理论的核心就是探讨词所表达的类概念与词表达的种概念之间的关系。根据这个理论,词可以在一个共同概念的支配下结合在一起形成一个语义场。例如:“house”这个概念下,就有一个如下的语义场。
词汇学 英语 题目 论文